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Captain Syrus Haley

PostPosted: Wed Apr 27, 2011 5:51 am
I highly doubt weed can actually cure anything. However, it could be used as an anesthetic, just like methamphetamine has been used that way before. I would say legalize it for medical use, but not street use.  
PostPosted: Wed Apr 27, 2011 5:54 am
it would be funny if it was thou  

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PostPosted: Wed Mar 14, 2012 7:19 pm
Captain Syrus Haley
I highly doubt weed can actually cure anything. However, it could be used as an anesthetic, just like methamphetamine has been used that way before. I would say legalize it for medical use, but not street use.



Quote:
A 2002 review of medical literature by Franjo Grotenhermen states that medical cannabis has established effects in the treatment of nausea, vomiting, premenstrual syndrome, unintentional weight loss, insomnia, and lack of appetite. Other "relatively well-confirmed" effects were in the treatment of "spasticity, painful conditions, especially neurogenic pain, movement disorders, asthma, [and] glaucoma".[7]

Preliminary findings indicate that cannabis-based drugs could prove useful in treating inflammatory bowel disease, migraines, fibromyalgia, and related conditions.[8]

Medical cannabis has also been found to relieve certain symptoms of multiple sclerosis[9] and spinal cord injuries[10][11][12] by exhibiting antispasmodic and muscle-relaxant properties as well as stimulating appetite.

Other studies state that cannabis or cannabinoids may be useful in treating alcohol abuse,[13] amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,[14][15] collagen-induced arthritis,[16] asthma,[17] atherosclerosis,[18] bipolar disorder,[19][20] colorectal cancer,[21] HIV-Associated Sensory Neuropathy[22] depression,[23][24][25][26] dystonia,[27] epilepsy,[28][29][30] digestive diseases,[31] gliomas,[32][33] hepatitis C,[34] Huntington's disease,[35] leukemia,[36] skin tumors,[37] methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA),[38] Parkinson's disease,[39] pruritus,[40][41] posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),[42] psoriasis,[43] sickle-cell disease,[44] sleep apnea,[45] and anorexia nervosa.[46] Controlled research on treating Tourette syndrome with a synthetic version of tetrahydrocannabinol, (brand name Marinol) (the main psychoactive chemical found in cannabis), showed the patients taking Marinol had a beneficial response without serious adverse effects;[47][48] other studies have shown that cannabis "has no effects on tics and increases the individuals inner tension".[49] Case reports found that cannabis helped reduce tics, but validation of these results requires longer, controlled studies on larger samples.[50][51]


[1]^ Mohamed Ben Amar (2006). "Cannabinoids in medicine: A review of their therapeutic potential". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 105 (1–2): 1–25. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.02.001. PMID 16540272. Retrieved 8 [2]April 2010.
[3]^ a b Wong, Ming (1976). La Médecine chinoise par les plantes. Paris: Tchou. OCLC 2646789.[page needed]
[4]^ Aggarwal SK, Carter GT, Sullivan MD, ZumBrunnen C, Morrill R, Mayer JD (2009). "Medicinal use of cannabis in the United States: historical perspectives, current trends, and future directions". J Opioid Manag 5 (3): 153–68. PMID 19662925. Lay summary – SF Weekly (15 September 2009).
[5]^ "IACM 5th Conference on Cannabinoids in Medicine" (PDF). International Association for Cannabis as Medicine. Retrieved 2011-07-28.
[6]^ Joy, Janet E.; Watson, Stanley J.; Benson, John A., eds. (1999). Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-309-07155-0. OCLC 246585475.
[7]^ a b "Workshop on the Medical Utility of Marijuana". National Institutes of Health. 1997. Retrieved 26 April 2009.
[8]^ Grotenhermen, Franjo (2002). "Review of Therapeutic Effects". Cannabis and Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Potential. New York City: Haworth Press. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-7890-1508-2.
[9]^ Russo EB (2004). "Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency (CECD): can this concept explain therapeutic benefits of cannabis in migraine, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome and other treatment-resistant conditions?". Neuro Endocrinology Letters 25 (1–2): 31–9. PMID 15159679.
[10]^ Zajicek J, Fox P, Sanders H, et al. (2003). "Cannabinoids for treatment of spasticity and other symptoms related to multiple sclerosis (CAMS study): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial". Lancet 362 (9395): 1517–26. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14738-1. PMID 14615106.
[11]^ "Spinal Cord Injury and Disease". Therapeutic Uses of Marijuana. Medical Marijuana Information Resource Centre. Retrieved 9 August 2009.
[12]^ Maurer M, Henn V, Dittrich A, Hofmann A (1990). "Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol shows antispastic and analgesic effects in a single case double-blind trial". European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 240 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1007/BF02190083. PMID 2175265.
[13]^ Kogel RW, Johnson PB, Chintam R, Robinson CJ, Nemchausky BA (1995). "Treatment of Spasticity in Spinal Cord Injury with Dronabinol, a Tetrahydrocannabinol Derivative". American Journal of Therapeutics 2 (10): 799–805. doi:10.1097/00045391-199510000-00012. PMID 11854790.
[14]^ Thanos PK, Dimitrakakis ES, Rice O, Gifford A, Volkow ND (2005). "Ethanol self-administration and ethanol conditioned place preference are reduced in mice lacking cannabinoid CB1 receptors". Behavioural Brain Research 164 (2): 206–13. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2005.06.021. PMID 16140402.
[15]^ Carter GT, Rosen BS (2001). "Marijuana in the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis". The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care 18 (4): 264–70. doi:10.1177/104990910101800411. PMID 11467101.
[17]^ Weydt P, Hong S, Witting A, Möller T, Stella N, Kliot M (2005). "Cannabinol delays symptom onset in SOD1 (G93A) transgenic mice without affecting survival". Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Disorders 6 (3): 182–4. doi:10.1080/14660820510030149. PMID 16183560.
[18]^ Malfait AM, Gallily R, Sumariwalla PF, et al. (2000). "The nonpsychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is an oral anti-arthritic therapeutic in murine collagen-induced arthritis" (Free full text). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97 (17): 9561–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.160105897. PMC 16904. PMID 10920191.
[19]^ Tashkin DP, Shapiro BJ, Lee YE, Harper CE (1975). "Effects of smoked marijuana in experimentally induced asthma". The American Review of Respiratory Disease 112 (3): 377–86. PMID 1099949.
[20]^ Steffens S, Veillard NR, Arnaud C, et al. (16 April 2005). "Cannabis may help keep arteries clear". Nature 434 (7034): 782–6. doi:10.1038/nature03389. PMID 15815632. Lay summary – New Scientist.
[21]^ Grinspoon L, Bakalar JB (199 cool . "The use of cannabis as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder: anecdotal evidence and the need for clinical research". Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 30 (2): 171–7. doi:10.1080/02791072.1998.10399687. PMID 9692379.
[22]^ Ashton CH, Moore PB, Gallagher P, Young AH (2005). "Cannabinoids in bipolar affective disorder: a review and discussion of their therapeutic potential". Journal of Psychopharmacology 19 (3): 293–300. doi:10.1177/0269881105051541. PMID 15888515.
[23]^ Patsos HA, Hicks DJ, Dobson RR, et al. (2005). "The endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide, induces cell death in colorectal carcinoma cells: a possible role for cyclooxygenase 2". Gut 54 (12): 1741–50. doi:10.1136/gut.2005.073403. PMC 1774787. PMID 16099783.
[24]^ Abrams, D.I., MD; Jay, C.A., MD (2007). "Cannabis in painful HIV-Associated Sensory Neuropathy". Neurology 68 (7): 515–521. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000253187.66183.9c. PMID 17296917. Retrieved 2/3/2011.
[25]^ Bambico FR, Katz N, Debonnel G, Gobbi G (2007). "Cannabinoids elicit antidepressant-like behavior and activate serotonergic neurons through the medial prefrontal cortex" (Free full text). The Journal of Neuroscience 27 (43): 11700–11. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1636-07.2007. PMID 17959812. Lay summary – Fox News Channel (25 October 2007).
[26]^ Denson TF, Earleywine M (April 2006). "Decreased depression in marijuana users". Addictive Behaviors 31 (4): 738–42. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.05.052. PMID 15964704.
[27]^ Jiang W, Zhang Y, Xiao L, et al. (2005). "Cannabinoids promote embryonic and adult hippocampus neurogenesis and produce anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects" (Free full text). The Journal of Clinical Investigation 115 (11): 3104–16. doi:10.1172/JCI25509. PMC 1253627. PMID 16224541.
[28]^ El-Remessy AB, Al-Shabrawey M, Khalifa Y, Tsai NT, Caldwell RB, Liou GI (2006). "Neuroprotective and Blood-Retinal Barrier-Preserving Effects of Cannabidiol in Experimental Diabetes" (Free full text). The American Journal of Pathology 168 (1): 235–44. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2006.050500. PMC 1592672. PMID 16400026.
[29]^ Fox SH, Kellett M, Moore AP, Crossman AR, Brotchie JM (2002). "Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the potential of cannabinoid receptor stimulation in the treatment of dystonia". Movement Disorders 17 (1): 145–9. doi:10.1002/mds.1280. PMID 11835452.
[30]^ "Cannabis could be used to treat epilepsy". Telegraph. 2011-04-10. Retrieved 2011-04-20.
[31]^ Marsicano G, Goodenough S, Monory K, et al. (2003). "CB1 cannabinoid receptors and on-demand defense against excitotoxicity". Science 302 (5642): 84–8. doi:10.1126/science.1088208. PMID 14526074.
[32]^ Bacci A, Huguenard JR, Prince DA (2004). "Long-lasting self-inhibition of neocortical interneurons mediated by endocannabinoids". Nature 431 (7006): 312–6. doi:10.1038/nature02913. PMID 15372034. Lay summary – Science Daily (16 September 2004).
[33]^ Di Carlo G, Izzo AA (2003). "Cannabinoids for gastrointestinal diseases: potential therapeutic applications". Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 12 (1): 39–49. doi:10.1517/13543784.12.1.39. PMID 12517253.
[34]^ Lorente M, Carracedo A, Torres S, et al. (2009). "Amphiregulin is a factor for resistance of glioma cells to cannabinoid-induced apoptosis". Glia 57 (13): 1374–85. doi:10.1002/glia.20856. PMID 19229996.
[35]^ Ramer R, Hinz B (200 cool . "Inhibition of cancer cell invasion by cannabinoids via increased expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1" (Free full text). Journal of the National Cancer Institute 100 (1): 59–69. doi:10.1093/jnci/djm268. PMID 18159069.
[36]^ Sylvestre DL, Clements BJ, Malibu Y (2006). "Cannabis use improves retention and virological outcomes in patients treated for hepatitis C". European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 18 (10): 1057–63. doi:10.1097/01.meg.0000216934.22114.51. PMID 16957511.
[37]^ Iuvone, T.; Esposito, G.; De Filippis, D.; Scuderi, C.; Steardo, L. (2009). "Cannabidiol: A Promising Drug for Neurodegenerative Disorders?". CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics 15 (1): 65–75. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00065.x. PMID 19228180. edit
[38]^ Powles T, te Poele R, Shamash J, et al. (2005). "Cannabis-induced cytotoxicity in leukemic cell lines: the role of the cannabinoid receptors and the MAPK pathway" (Free full text). Blood 105 (3): 1214–21. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-03-1182. PMID 15454482.
[39]^ Casanova ML, Blázquez C, Martínez-Palacio J, et al. (2003). "Inhibition of skin tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo by activation of cannabinoid receptors" (Free full text). The Journal of Clinical Investigation 111 (1): 43–50. doi:10.1172/JCI16116. PMC 151833. PMID 12511587.
[40]^ Appendino G, Gibbons S, Giana A, Pagani A, Grassi G, Stavri M, Smith E, Rahman MM (200 cool . "Antibacterial Cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: A Structure—Activity Study" (PDF). J Nat Prod 71 ( cool : 1427–30. doi:10.1021/np8002673. PMID 18681481. Retrieved 6 November 2010. Lay summary – WebMD (4 September 200 cool .
[41]^ Kreitzer AC, Malenka RC (2005). "Endocannabinoid-mediated rescue of striatal LTD and motor deficits in Parkinson's disease models". Nature 445 (712 cool : 643–7. doi:10.1038/nature05506. PMID 17287809. Lay summary – Stanford University School of Medicine (7 February 2007).
[42]^ Szepietowski JC, Szepietowski T, Reich A (2005). "Efficacy and tolerance of the cream containing structured physiological lipids with endocannabinoids in the treatment of uremic pruritus: a preliminary study". Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica 13 (2): 97–103. PMID 16324422.
[43]^ Bergasa NV (2005). "The pruritus of cholestasis". Journal of Hepatology 43 (6): 1078–88. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2005.09.004. PMID 16253381.
[44]^ Ganon-Elazar E, Akirav I (2009). "Cannabinoid receptor activation in the basolateral amygdala blocks the effects of stress on the conditioning and extinction of inhibitory avoidance". J. Neurosci 29 (36): 11078–88. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1223-09.2009. PMID 19741114. Lay summary – PsychCentral (5 November 2009).
[45]^ Wilkinson, J. D.; Williamson, E. M. (2007). "Cannabinoids inhibit human keratinocyte proliferation through a non-CB1/CB2 mechanism and have a potential therapeutic value in the treatment of psoriasis". Journal of Dermatological Science 45 (2): 87–92. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.10.009. PMID 17157480. edit
[46]^ Howard, J.; Anie, K. A.; Holdcroft, A.; Korn, S.; Davies, S. C. (2005). "Cannabis use in sickle cell disease: A questionnaire study". British Journal of Haematology 131 (1): 123–128. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2005.05723.x. PMID 16173972. edit
[47]^ Carley DW, Paviovic S, Janelidze M, Radulovacki M (2002). "Functional role for cannabinoids in respiratory stability during sleep" (Free full text). Sleep 25 (4): 391–8. PMID 12071539.
[48]^ Grotenhermen, Russo. Cannabis and Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Potential. New York: The Hawthorn Integrative Healing Press, 2002,. Grotenhermen, “Review of Therapeutic Effects.” Chapter 11, p. 128
[49]^ Singer HS (2005). "Tourette's syndrome: from behaviour to biology". Lancet Neurol 4 (3): 149–59. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)01012-4. PMID 15721825.
[50]^ Singer HS (March 2005). "Tourette's syndrome: from behaviour to biology". The Lancet Neurology 4 (3): 149–59. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)01012-4. PMID 15721825.
[51]^ Robertson MM (March 2000). "Tourette syndrome, associated conditions and the complexities of treatment". Brain: a journal of neurology 123 (3): 425–62. doi:10.1093/brain/123.3.425. PMID 10686169.
[52]^ Sandyk R, Awerbuch G (198 cool . "Marijuana and Tourette's syndrome". Journal of clinical psychopharmacology 8 (6): 444–5. doi:10.1097/00004714-198812000-00021. PMID 3235704.
[53]^ Müller-Vahl KR, Kolbe H, Dengler R (1997). "Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Effect of nicotine, alcohol and marihuana on clinical symptoms". Der Nervenarzt 68 (12): 985–9. PMID 9465342.
 
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