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Japanese Language Basics (new post 13 - pronouns) Goto Page: 1 2 3 4 [>] [»|]

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xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx

PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 9:43 am
If you want to hear the sounds, this site doesn't seem too bad...
http://www.tokyowithkids.com/fyi/hiragana_chart.html

And if you can't SEE the characters, you may have to install a japanese language pack onto your computer.
(most of this is written in "SHIFT-JIS" - a type of japanese computer code)
Here's the program I used to type it ^.^
http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html  
PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 9:44 am
BASIC VOWEL SOUNDS
A = (short-O sound)
I = (long-E sound)
U = (double "oo" sound, like "cool" )
E = (short-E sound)
O = (long-O sound)
(japanese doesn't have double sounds for letters) continue below...

ROーMAJI vs HIRAGANA vs KATAKANA
A = あ = ア
I = い = イ
U = う = ウ
E = え = エ
O = お = オ
(instead they have double letters for each sound) ^.^
[don't even get me started on kanji] X.X  

xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx


xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx

PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 9:45 am
ADDING CONSONANT SOUNDS
(most consonants don't get their own letter -
- they're just added to a vowel to make a new single letter) [the only exception is "N" ]

ROーMAJI vs HIRAGANA vs KATAKANA
KA = か = カ
KI = き = キ
KU = く = ク
KE = け = ケ
KO = こ = コ

SA  = さ = サ
SHI = し = シ
SU  = す = ス
SE  = せ = セ
SO  = そ = ソ

TA  = た = タ
CHI = ち = チ
TSU = つ = ツ
TE  = て = テ
TO  = と = ト

NA = な = ナ
NI = に = ニ
NU = ぬ = ヌ
NE = ね = ネ
NO = の = ノ

HA = は = ハ
HI = ひ = ヒ
FU = ふ = フ
HE = へ = ヘ
HO = ほ = ホ

MA = ま = マ
MI = み = ミ
MU = む = ム
ME = め = メ
MO = も = モ

YA = や = ヤ
YU = ゆ = ユ
YO = よ = ヨ

RA = ら = ラ
RI = り = リ
RU = る = ル
RE = れ = レ
RO = ろ = ロ

WA = わ = ワ
O  = を = ヲ

N = ん = ン

Some differences in these japanese characters are...
"shi" - "chi" - "tsu" - "fu" (because "si" - "ti" - "tu" - "hu" don't exist)
ALSO... "yi" - "ye" don't exist at all.
AND... "wo" is pronounced "o" (long-O sound) because it's only used as an "object marker" now.
FINALLY... "N" is the only consonant that can stand on it's own.

EXPLANATION THAT I WAS GIVEN FROM SOMEONE ELSE!!!
That is because for one, the "wo" sound was never much used in Japanese, mostly as the object marker "ke-ki o tabetai" = "I want to eat cake"
With time, the "w" sound was dropped and the object marker became simply "o"
You'll only ever use を as object marker, that is the sole factor that distinguishes it from the "conventional" お
But it has some use while looking at a text in Japanese
It gives a good idea of the sentence structure since you automagically know there's an object marker  
PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 9:47 am
ROーMAJI vs HIRAGANA vs KATAKANA
(additional characters can be created by adding a "dakuten" or a "handakuten" to the character)

GA = が = ガ
GI = ぎ = ギ
GU = ぐ = グ
GE = げ = ゲ
GO = ご = ゴ

ZA = ざ = ザ
JI = じ = ジ
ZU = ず = ズ
ZE = ぜ = ゼ
ZO = ぞ = ゾ

DA = だ = ダ
JI = ぢ = ヂ
ZU = づ = ヅ
DE = で = デ
DO = ど = ド

BA = ば = バ
BI = び = ビ
BU = ぶ = ブ
BE = べ = ベ
BO = ぼ = ボ

PA = ぱ = パ
PI = ぴ = ピ
PU = ぷ = プ
PE = ぺ = ペ
PO = ぽ = ポ

Did anyone notice that some symbols have the same sound?

EXPLANATION THAT I WAS GIVEN FROM SOMEONE ELSE!!!
You'll next to never see づ. Only in some situations does tradition call for its use, or sometimes in manga to put emphasis on some SFX
ず and づ are basically pronounced the same
The way they are pronounced will depend on their position in the word, not the character used
So it is safe to say they are the same, but forget about づ for all practical purposes
That is because some sounds just "loldon'texist" in Japanese
That is the case with じ and ぢ as well
You'll rarely if ever see ぢ
(I'm not sure, but I guess the same goes for their katakana counterparts)  

xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx


xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx

PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 9:49 am
ROーMAJI vs HIRAGANA vs KATAKANA
(the final set of hiragana and katakana characters are created by shrinking "ya" - "yu" - "yo" and adding it to another character)
(and yes, all these sets of 2 characters are considdered "JUST ONE CHARACTER" - called a "glide" )

KYA = きゃ = キャ
KYU = きゅ = キュ
KYO = きょ = キョ

SHA = しゃ = シャ
SHU = しゅ = シュ
SHO = しょ = ショ

CHA = ちゃ = チャ
CHU = ちゅ = チュ
CHO = ちょ = チョ

NYA = にゃ = ニャ
NYU = にゅ = ニュ
NYO = にょ = ニョ

HYA = ひゃ = ヒャ
HYU = ひゅ = ヒュ
HYO = ひょ = ヒョ

MYA = みゃ = ミャ
MYU = みゅ = ミュ
MYO = みょ = ミョ

RYA = りゃ = リャ
RYU = りゅ = リュ
RYO = りょ = リョ

GYA = ぎゃ = ギャ
GYU = ぎゅ = ギュ
GYO = ぎょ = ギョ

JA = じゃ = ジャ
JU = じゅ = ジュ
JO = じょ = ジョ

BYA = びゃ = ビャ
BYU = びゅ = ビュ
BYO = びょ = ビョ

PYA = ぴゃ = ピャ
PYU = ぴゅ = ピュ
PYO = ぴょ = ピョ

EXPLANATION THAT I WAS GIVEN FROM SOMEONE ELSE!!!
small... ya, yu and yo... are used for the standard "glides"
However, "glides" are to be treated as stand-alone sounds, not as two separate sounds
やゃ ゆゅ よょ

Small o, e, i, u and a are non-standard
They're only used in informal writing to denote trailing vowels and the end of words or onomatopeia
おぉ えぇ いぃ うぅ あぁ

Small wa is only used in the rare kwa or gwa
わゎ

The small tsu doubles the following consonant and is completely different
ぢゅ is a single vowel/chroneme, but in "matte kudasai" (please wait),
which would be "まって ください", the small tsu represent a chroneme alone
In other words, you pronounce it "ma-t[more or less a pause before the rest of the word]-te kudasai"
"ma-t-te ku-da-sa-i"
つっ

NOTE ー THERE ARE MOST LIKELY
EVEN MORE RARE CHARACTERS
THAT I DON’T KNOW ABOUT V.V  
PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 9:52 am
Also note that what you see here is a
"Computerized Japanese Font" !
Actual "written" Japanese looks slightly different.
The most noticable change is in the character "ki"
(check the pictures below for written japanese characters - I know my hands shake, so the lines may look a tad squiggly in spots ^^; )

User Image Hiragana 1
User Image Hiragana 2
User Image Hiragana 3
User Image Katakana 1
User Image Katakana 2
User Image Katakana 3  

xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx


xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx

PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 10:07 am
Q&A:
==================================================
あなた の なまえ わ なん です か?
Anata no namae wa nan desu ka?
What's your name?

わたし の なまえ わ。。。 "Insert name here"
Watashi no namae wa。。。 "Insert name here"

やまぐち みき ー Yamaguchi Miki
My name is Miki Yamaguchi.
==================================================
あなた わ なん です か?
Anata nan desu ka?
What are you?

わたし わ おとこ の ひと です。
Watashi wa otoko no hito desu。
わたし わ おんな の ひと です。
Watashi wa onna no hito desu。
わたし わ おとこ の こ です。
Watashi wa otoko no ko desu。
わたし わ おんな の こ です。
Watashi wa onna no ko desu。

I'm a... "man, woman, boy, girl"
==================================================
どこ から きました か?
Doko kara kimashita ka?
Where are you from?

わたし わ。。。 (Insert country here)
Watashi wa。。。 (Insert country here)

あめりかじん です ー amerikajin desu
I'm an american.



OR。。。
かなだじん です ー kanadajin desu (Canada)
ふらんすじん です ー furansujin desu (France)
いぎりすじん です ー Igirisujin desu (Britain)
おおすとらりあじん です ー Oosutorariajin desu (Australia)
かんこくじん です ー kankokujin desu (Korea)
すええでんじん です ー Sueedenjin desu (Sweden)
ちゅうごくじん です ー Chuugokujin desu (China)

I do not know any others at the moment.
But finding one shouldn't be too hard, if anyone is curious...  
PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 10:08 am
がんばって! ー ganbatte (Hold on, Go for it, Keep at it, Hang in there)

Commonly used words:

====================

いい ー ii ー Good
だめ ー dame ー Bad
はい ー hai ー Yes
いいえ ー iie ー No
こんにちは ー konnichiwa ー Hello
さようなら ー sayounara ー Goodbye
これ ー kore ー This
それ ー sore ー That
ありがとう ー arigatou ー Thank You
わたし ー watashi ー I (formal)

カラオケ ー Karaoke
かみかぜ ー Kamikaze (not commonly used) >.<
からて ー Karate
アニメ ー Anime
まんが ー Manga
ふとん ー Futon (mattress)
ローマじ ー Romaji (japanese written with english characters, instead of japanese characters)
つなみ ー Tsunami
さむらい ー Samurai
にんじゃ ー Ninja

So if you heard someone say... "nani kore"
They are saying... "What's this?"
 

xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx


xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx

PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 10:09 am
Time to study すうじ! (suuji)=(numbers)

いち = ichi = one
に = ni = two
さん = san = three
よん = yon = four
ご = go = five

ろく = roku = six
しち = shichi = seven
はち = hachi = eight
きゅう = kyuu = nine
じゅう = juu = ten

When refering to YEN (en) - You might see... "go en", "juu en" - (that's five yen and ten yen)
That would be ごえん or ゴエン and じゅうえん or ジュウエン
In kanji, it's 五円 and 十円 which is what you're most likely to see.

However with years (nen) it's telling the number of the year, not how many years there are.
So "san nen" and "shichi nen" (that's year three and year seven)
That would be さんねん or サンネン and しちねん or シチネン
In kanji, it's 三年 and 七年 which is what you're most likely to see.
(note that "shichi nen" is pronounced "shchi nen" with the first "i" sound dropped)
(japanese has a tendency of dropping some of the sounds when spoken as a sentence)


じゅういち = juuichi = eleven
じゅうに = juuni = twelve
じゅうさん = juusan = thirteen
じゅうよん = juuyon = fourteen
じゅうご = juugo = fifteen

Notice that we're just adding "ten" to the start to add it together, this works only up to "nineteen"
For example...

じゅうろく = juuroku = sixteen
じゅうしち = juushichi = seventeen
じゅうはち = juuhachi = eighteen
じゅうきゅう = juukyuu = nineteen

Once after nineteen, you must count the number of tens before adding the final numbers.
For example...

にじゅう = nijuu = twenty
さんじゅう = sanjuu = thirty
よんじゅう = yonjuu = fourty
ごじゅう = gojuu = fifty
ろくじゅう = rokujuu = sixty
ななじゅう = nanajuu = seventy
はちじゅう = hachijuu = eighty
きゅうじゅう = kyuujuu = ninety

Note that seventy is NOT "shichijuu" - that's because some of the numbers have different ways of saying them.
And some even use both ways depending on the dialect. For example...
four = "yon", "shi", or "yo"
seven = "shichi", or "nana"
nine = "kyuu", or "ku"

That means that you can use either...
juuyon -or- juushi
juushichi -or- juunana
juukyuu -or- juuku

Doing it like this means that you are using "counters" - "ten" is a counter that has to be counted before the rest can be added.
For example, if you wanted to say "fifty-five" - it would sound like this... ごじゅうご (gojuugo)
A hundred and a thousand are other counters...

ひゃく = hyaku = hundred
せん = sen = thousand

Though some counters are changed slightly as you count, for example...

さんびゃく = sanbyaku = three hundred
ろっぴゃく = roppyaku = six hundred
はっぴゃく = happyaku = eight hundred
さんぜん = sanzen = three thousand
はっせん = hassen = eight thousand

The higher up counters are...

いちまん = ichiman = ten thousand
じゅうまん = juuman = hundred thousand
ひゃくまん = hyakuman = million
せんまん = senman = ten million
いちおく = ichioku = hundred million

Never assume what a number will be, by simply grouping all the digits between the apostrophes.
For example...

285,719 = nijuuhachiman gosen nanahyaku juu kyu
= にじゅうはちまん ごせん ななひゃく じゅう きゅ  
PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 10:10 am
COLORS !!!
=========================

Some colors are adjectives and some are nouns ^.^

Adjective:
しろい = shiroi = white
くろい = kuroi = black
あおい = aoi = blue
あかい = akai = red
みどり = midori = green

For adjectives, just put them before the noun.
あかい りんご = akai ringo = red apple
くろい かみ = kuroi kami = black paper



Nouns:
ちゃいろ = chairo = brown
きいろ = kiiro = yellow
おれんじいろ = orenji iro = orange
はいいろ = haiiro = grey
ぴんく = pinku = pink

But to connect two nouns together, add the の "no" symbol.
きいろ の ぼうし = kiiro no boushi = yellow hat
はいいろ の くるま = haiiro no kuruma = grey car  

xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx


xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx

PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 10:11 am
Days of the week !!!

きょう は なんようび です か?
Kyou wa nan’youbi desu ka?
What day is it?

にちようび です。
Nichiyoubi desu。
It is Sunday.

げつようび = getsuyoubi = monday
かようび = kayoubi = tuesday
すいようび = suiyoubi = wednesday
もくようび = mokuyoubi = thursday
きんようび = kin’youbi = friday

どようび = doyoubi = saturday
にちようび = nichiyoubi = sunday
ひ = hi = day
きょう = kyou = today
あした = ashita = tomorrow

(note that once again the "i" is dropped when saying "ashita" so it sounds like "ashta" )

きょう は きにょうび です。
Kyou wa kin’youbi desu。
Today is Friday.

あした は どようび です。
Ashita wa doyoubi desu。
Tomorrow is saturday.

(note that also AGAIN "ha" is used for "wa" when written in japanese characters)  
PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 10:12 am
Random New Words ^.^
おか = oka = Hill
いく = iku = Go

==================================================

Names of the months of the year !!!

いちがつ = ichigatsu = January
にがつ = nigatsu = February
さんがつ = sangatsu = March
しがつ = shigatsu = April
ごがつ = gogatsu = May
ろくがつ = rokugatsu = June
しちがつ = shichigatsu = July
はちがつ = hachigatsu = August
くがつ = kugatsu = September
じゅうがつ = juugatsu = October
じゅういちがつ = juuichigatsu = November
じゅうにがつ = juunigatsu = December

Notice that the months are listed out by counting them.
January is month 1 or "ichi" thus "ichigatsu"
And November is month 11 or "juuichi" thus juuichigatsu

==================================================

It is September.
kugatsu desu。 = くがつです。 = 九月です(+kanji)

It is April.
shigatsu desu。 = しがつです。 = 四月です(+kanji)  

xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx


xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx

PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 10:13 am
Pronouns !!!
==================================================

それら = sorera = those
ぼく = boku = me (male informal)
あたし = atashi = me (female informal)
あなた = anata = you
わたしたち = watashitachi = we

note that watashitachi is pronounced "watash tachi" (the "i" is silent)
And anyone remember that "sore" is "that" ?

かれ = kare = he
かのじょ = kanojo = she
かれら = karera = they (masculine)
かのじょたち = kanojotachi = they (feminine)
あなたたち = anatatachi = you (plural)

==================================================  
PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 10:14 am
~Reserved~  

xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx


xX Catgirl - Pierce Xx

PostPosted: Sun Aug 29, 2010 10:15 am
~Reserved~  
Reply
Nothing's coming.

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